This study complements the integral view of the chagras (cultivated fields) with agronomic and agroforestry contributions. With active participation of different 'elders' of indigenous communities of the Middle Caquetá region, this study presents detailed information on e.g. ecological aspects of the region, characteristics of the different agroforestry systems used, soil characteristics for different agricultural systems, generalities of slash and burn, and socio-cultural aspects of the indigenous groups in the area. The study points out that, for example: the agroforestry systemsin the region consist of chagras (characterised by transitory cultures during the first two-three years), shrublands (with a predominance in fruiting trees) and habitational orchards (characterised by a high crop diversity); production of the agroforestry systems is permanent throughout the year; the indigenous agroforestry systems prove the integration of management of crop diversity with the imitation of successional processes of the forest, adapted to the Amazon forest environment.